Gion Matsuri (祇園祭;, Gion Matsuri) is an annual festival that takes place in Kyoto and is said to be one of the most famous, if not the most famous festival in all of Japan. It spans the entire month of July and is crowned by the beautiful parade, the Yama-boko Junkō (山鉾巡行, Yama-boko Junkō?) on July 17th.
For 3 consecutive nights before the massive parade, known as Yoiyama (宵山), on July 16th, Yoiyoiyama (宵々山), on July 15th, and Yoiyoiyoiyama (宵々々山), on July 14th, Kyoto downtown is closed for pedestrian traffic only. The streets are lined with night stalls selling food such as BBQ chicken skewers, traditional Japanese sweets, taiyaki, takoyaki, okonomiyaki, and many other culinary delights. Many Kyoto girls dressed in summer kimono walk around the area, carrying with them traditional purses and paper fans.

You can even catch a gold fish for good luck too!
During the Yoiyama eves leading up to the parade, some private houses in the old kimono-merchants district, open the genkan, or entryway, to the public, exhibiting some valuable family heirlooms, a customary event known as the Byobu Matsuri or the ‘Folding Screen Festival.’ This is a precious opportunity to visit and observe traditional Japanese residences of Kyoto.
This festival first originated as part of a purification ritual. In 869 CE the people were suffering from plague and pestilence which was thought to be a result of the rampaging deity Gozu Tenno. The emperor ordered that the people pray to the god of the Yasaka shrine, Susanoo-no-mikoto. Sixty-six stylized and decorated halberds, one for each province in Japan, were prepared and erected at Shinsen-en Garden (at the intersection of Oike Street and Omiya Street, Nakagyo Ward) along with the portable shrines (mikoshi) from Yasaka Shrine.
The month of July is coming so be prepared to join the month long festival where history and culture meet.